Qus: what are the reason for the failure of many social welfare schemes of Indian government? What steps could be taken to make them successful? Discuss.
Ans: In India, we have a large number social welfare scheme targeting housing, education, unemployment, food security, etc. But many of them fail to meet their target like PM Gam sadak yojana, PM awas yojana- Grameen, National rural livelihood mission, etc.
Some of the important reasons for the failure of social welfare schemes are:
- Poor policy implementation- because of mismanagement, poor coordination between agencies/departments involved, slow /poor communication and information sharing between different stakeholders, etc
- Lack of knowledge/training of field operatives implementing schemes/programs of government.
- Corruption in policies- both collusive and coercive
- Inclusion and exclusion error making policy less effective, and
- Non-cooperation from the targeted beneficiaries itself.
Steps which could be taken to improve policy implementation:
- Using ICT to improve information dissemination, coordination, policy monitoring, accountability, etc.
- Training of field operatives to improve their knowledge and efficiency
- Encouraging social audit, proper implementation of CC, involving CSOs, etc to reduce the problem of corruption
- Improving identification of beneficiaries using better survey methodologies. For example using NFHS-5/SECC data for beneficiaries identification.
- Using behavioural economics to improve cooperation from beneficiaries as well as other stakeholders involved, like power of social influence and persuasion used in SBA, use of socially and culturally identifiable name to give clear message like Namami Gange, Jan Dhan yojana, POSHAN abhiyan, etc.
Present government has taken many initiatives to improve success of government schemes such as:
- eKranti under digital India- electronic delivery of services; CSC, etc. The e-governance improves targeted delivery of services.
- Now government has started using behavioural economics in its policies and programs, e.g. SBA, BBBP, etc.
- Government is also encouraging social audit (Meghalaya passed social audit act).
- NITI Aayog is encouraging competitive and cooperative federalism which intern helps in better policy outcomes.
We have to make sure that not only scheme formulation but also its implementation is proper to ensure socio-economic development of people.
Please review. ^_^
Qus: Neither the Constitution, nor any central or state law places, any restraint on marriage. However, these marriages (even without conversion) are also not tolerated in the society and are often met with not only parental harassment, but even communal violence. Do you think freedom to marry need to be explicitly defined as a fundamental right? Critically analyse in the light of the recent events. (10 Mark)
@upsc2020 Heya. ^_^ its a question from GS score test series. I copied it verbatim.
Qus: Neither the Constitution, nor any central or state law places, any restraint on marriage. However, these marriages (even without conversion) are also not tolerated in the society and are often met with not only parental harassment, but even communal violence. Do you think freedom to marry need to be explicitly defined as a fundamental right? Critically analyse in the light of the recent events. (10 Mark)
Please review. ^_^
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"To be promoted from JS (joint secretary) to AS (additional secretary), one has to be empanelled." Can someone explain what does it mean?
